Deforestation and Its Consequences
Deforestation: clearing of forests and using that land for other purposes.
Consequences: Deforestation increases the temperature and pollution level on the earth.
It increases the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Groundwater level also gets lowered.
Deforestation leads to desertification. How?
Biodiversity
Occurrence of an innumerable number of different types of organisms and the whole range of their varieties (biotypes) adapted to different climates, environments and areas.
OR
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms in a specific area.
Wildlife sanctuary, national park and biosphere reserve are names given to the areas meant for conservation and preservation of forest and wild animals.
Plantation, cultivation, grazing, felling trees, hunting and poaching are prohibited there.
National Parks
Wildlife Sanctuary
Biosphere Reserve
Large areas of protected land for conservation of wildlife, plant and animal resources and traditional life of the tribals living in the area. The biosphere reserves help to maintain the biodiversity and culture of that area. A biosphere reserve may also contain other protected areas. Ex: The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve consists of one national park named Satpura and two wildlife sanctuaries named Bori and Pachmarhi
Plants and animals of a particular area are known as the flora and fauna of that area.Flora: Different types of plants belonging to an area. Example: Silver ferns, sal, teak, mango, etc. Fauna: All animals found in an area. Example: dog, frog, insects, bull, jackal, etc.
Endemic Species
Extinct Species
Threatened Species
Types of threatened Species
1. Endangered Species
2. Vulnerable Species
3. Rare Species
Migration
Migration is the phenomenon of movement of a species from its habitat to some other habitat for a particular period every year for a specific purpose like breeding.
OR
It is the regular, periodic, two-way movements of birds and some animals from their place of residence to some other place along well-definedroutes. It is linked to seasonal factors, breeding, shortage of foods, etc. The Bharatpur bird sanctuary is known for migratory birds.